kmbb

Promoted by Sambad Ama Odisha Charitable Trust

Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & affiliated to BPUT Odisha

Publications

Research Publications:

  1. Sinha, Leena, Nayak, R.N., Nayak, A. N. (2025).“Free vibration and buckling analysis of laminated composite plates with cutouts of complicated shapes.” International Journal of Structural Engineering, Inder Science (ESCI, IF-0.4) (In Press).
  2. Parida, K., Satpathy, L., Nayak, A. N., Amat, M. K. (2025).“Use of machine learning models for prediction of compressive strength of concrete produced with waste materials.”Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, Springer (ESCI, IF-2.4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-025-02266-6
  3. Parida, K., Satpathy, L., Nayak, A. N. (2025). “Use of optimized machine learning tool for predicting compressive strength of concrete.” Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, Springer (Scopus). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-025-01463-z
  4. Sinha, L., Nayak, A. N. (2025). Effect of cut-out on natural frequency of laminated composite stiffened plates.”International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics, World Scientific Publisher (SCIE, IF-3.4).https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219455426502895
  5. Dutta, B., Ojha, J., Nayak, A. N. (2025). “Shear retrofitting of RC beams: A comparative study between externally bonded and deep embedded FRP techniques.” Structures, Elsevier (SCI, IF- 4.3), 71, Jan 2025, 107948.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2024.107948
  6. Patel, G., Sinha, L., Nayak, A. N. (2024). “Buckling behaviour of laminated shell panels under

linearly variable edge load.” International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics, World Scientific Publisher (SCIE, IF-3.4), Jun. 2024https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219455425500907.

  1. Dutta, B., Nayak, A. N., Dirar, S., Nanda, B., Theofanous, M. (2023). “Nonlinear finite element investigation on shear behaviour of simplysupported and continuous RC T-beams retrofitted with deep embeddedCFRP/steel bars.” Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering (SCI, IF-1.3), 2023. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2022-0267.
  2. Chanda, S.S., Patel, S. K., Nayak, A. N., Mohanty, C. R. (2023).“Performance evaluation on bond, durability, micro-structure, cost effectiveness and environmental impacts of fly ash cenosphere based structural lightweight concrete.”Construction and Building Materials,Elsevier (SCIE, IF- 8.0), 397, Sep. 2023,132429.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.132429
  3. Dutta, B., Nayak, A. N., Dirar, S., Nanda, B., Theofanous, M. (2023). “Shear strengthening of continuous RC T-beams with deep embedded CFRP and steel bars: A numerical study.” Structures, Elsevier (SCI, IF- 4.3), 52, June 2023,187-204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2023.03.157
  4. Dutta, B., Kumari, A., N. Nayak, A. N. (2022). “Shear behaviour of RC deep beams retrofitted with externally bonded GFRP fabrics: Experimental and numerical study,”Structures, Elsevier (SCI, IF- 4.3), Vol.46, Dec.2022, pp. 1-16.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.10.042
  5. Lenka, B. P., Majhi, R. K., Singh, S., Nayak, A. N. (2022)“Eco-friendly and cost-effective concrete utilizing high-volume blast furnace slag and demolition waste with lime,”European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 26 (11), Mar. 2021, pp. 5351–5373. (SCI, IF -2.3).https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2021.1896581
  6. Patel, G. Nayak, A.N. (2022).“Buckling behaviour and design aids of cylindrical panel subjected to uniform in-plane loading,”International Journal of Structures, 12 (4), Aug 2022, pp. 321-339(ESCI, IF-0.4).https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSTRUCTE.2022.126184
  7. Dutta, B., Nayak, A.N., Nanda, B., Dirar, S. (2022).“Reinforced concrete deep beam shear retrofitted with deep embedded bars: A numerical investigation,” Materials Today: Proceedings, 60, Jan 2022, pp. 281-287(Scopus).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.12.563.
  8. Majhi, R.K., Swain, R. B., Nayak, A. N. (2021).“Structural Performance of RC beams containing high-volume ground granulated blast furnace slag and recycled coarse aggregate with lime,”Construction and Building Materials, 307, Nov 2021, 124907(SCI, IF- 8.0),https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124907.
  9. Sinha, L. Tripathy, A., Nayak, A. N., Sahu, S. K. (2021).Free vibration behaviour of angle-ply laminated composite stiffened plates.International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics, World Scientific Publisher (SCIE, IF-3.4), 21 (13), Sept 2021, 2150187.https://doi.org/10.1142/S021945542150187X.
  10. Majhi, R. K., Patel, S. K., Nayak, A. N. (2021).Sustainable structural lightweight concrete utilizing high-volume fly ash cenosphere. Advances in Concrete Construction: An International Journal, Techno Press (SCIE, IF-1.8), Vol. 12 (3), Sept 2021, 251-270.https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2021.12.3.257.
  11. Majhi, R. K., Padhy, A., Nayak, A. N. (2021). Performance of structural lightweight concrete produced by utilizing high volume of fly ash cenosphere and sintered fly ash aggregate with silica fume. Cleaner Engineering and Technology, Elsevier (SCIE, IF-6.5), 3, Volume 3, July 2021, 100121.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2021.100121.
  12. G., Nayak, A. N., Srivastava, A. K. L. (2021). Dynamic instability analysis and design charts of curved panels with linearly varying periodic in-plane load, International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics, World Scientific Publisher (SCIE, IF-3.4), Vol. 21 (9), June 2021, 2150130.https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219455421501303
  13. Patel, G., Nayak, A. N. (2021). Static stability analysis and design aids of curved panels subjected to linearly varying in-plane loading. Journal of Institution of Engineers (India)-Series A, Springer (Scopus), Vol. 102 (2), Feb. 2021, 565-589. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-021-00517-0.
  14. Kagan Sogut, K., Dirar, S., Theofanous, M., Asaad Faramarzi, A., Nayak, A. N. (2021). Effect of transverse and longitudinal reinforcement ratios on the behaviour of RC T-beams shear-strengthened with embedded FRP BARS. Composite Structures, Elsevier (SCI, IF-7.1), Vol. 262, 15 Apr. 2021, 113622.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.113622.
  15. Kumari A., Nayak, A. N. (2021). An Experimental approach for strengthening of RC deep beams with web openings using GFRP fabrics and gas actuated fasteners. Journal of Building Engineering, Elsevier (SCI, IF-7.4), Vol. 35, Mar. 2021, 102027.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.102027.
  16. Sinha, L., Das, D., Nayak, A. N., Sahu, S. K. (2021). Experimental and numerical study on free vibration characteristics of laminated composite plate with/without cut-out, Composite Structures, Elsevier (SCI, IF-7.1), 256, 15 Jan. 2021, 113051.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.113051.
  17. Sinha, L., Jena, T., Nayak, A. N. (2021). Forced vibration analysis of laminated composite stiffened plates. International Journal of Structural Engineering, Inder Science (ESCI, IF-0.4), 11 (2), Dec 2020, 173–188.https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSTRUCTE.2021.114263.
  18. Kumari, A. Nayak, A. N. (2021). Strengthening of shear deficient RC deep beams using GFRP sheets and mechanical anchors, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering(SCI, IF-1.3), Vol. 48 (1), Jan. 2021, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2019-0333.
  19. Majhi, R. K., Nayak, A. N., Mukharjee, B. B. (2020). Characterization of lime activated recycled aggregate concrete with high-volume ground granulated blast furnace slag, Construction and Building Materials, Elsevier (SCIE, IF-8.0),259.23 June 2020, 119882.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119882.
  20. Majhi, R. K., Nayak, A. N. (2020). Production of sustainable concrete utilising high-volume blast furnace slag and recycled aggregate with lime activator, Journal of Cleaner Production, Elsevier (SCIE, IF-10.0), 255, 10 May 2020, pp. 1-14. 120188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120188.
  21. Sinha, L., Mishra, S.S., Nayak, A.N., Sahu, S.K. (2020). Free vibration characteristics of laminated composite stiffened plates: Experimental and Numerical investigation, Composite Structures, Elsevier (SCI, IF-7.1), Volume 233, 1 Feb. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111557.
  22. Patel, S. K., Satpathy, H. P., Nayak, A. N., Mohanty, C. R. (2020). Utilization of fly ash cenosphere for production of sustainable lightweight concrete. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series A, Springer (Scopus), 101 (1), 2020, Jan. 2020, pp. 179-194.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-019-00415-6.
  23. Kumari, A. Dalai, N., Swain, R. B., Nayak, A. N. (2020). Shear Strengthening of RC Beams using GFRP Sheets. International Journal of Structural Engineering, Inder Science (ESCI, IF-0.4), 10 (2), Mar. 2020, pp. 174-194.https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSTRUCTE.2020.105638.
  24. Majhi, R. K., Nayak, A. N., Mukherjee, B. B. (2020). An overview of the properties of sustainable concrete using fly ash as replacement for cement. International Journal of Sustainable Materials and Structural Systems, Inderscience, 4 (1), Mar. 2020, pp. 47-90.https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSMSS.2020.106418.
  25. Patel, S. K., Majhi, R.K., Satpathy, H.P., Nayak, A.N. (2019). Durability and microstructural properties of light weight concrete manufactured with fly ash cenosphere and sintered fly ash aggregate. Construction and Building Materials, Elsevier (SCIE, IF- 8.0),226, 30 Nov. 2019, pp. 579-590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.304.
  26. Majhi, R. K., Nayak, A. N. (2019). Bond, durability and microstructural characteristics of ground granulated blast furnace slag based recycled aggregate concrete. Construction and Building Materials, Elsevier (SCIE, IF-8.0), 212, July 2019, pp. 578-595.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.04.017.
  27. Satpathy, H. P., Patel, S. K., Nayak, A. N. (2019). Development of sustainable lightweight concrete using fly ash cenosphere and sintered fly ash aggregate. Construction and Building Materials, Elsevier (SCIE, IF-8.0), 202, Mar. 2019, pp. 636-655.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.01.034.
  28. Majhi, R. K., Nayak, A. N. (2019). Properties of Concrete Incorporating Coal Fly Ash and Coal Bottom Ash. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series A,Springer (Scopus),100(3), Mar. 2019, pp. 459–469.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-019-00374-y.
  29. Majhi, R. K., Nayak, A. N., Mukharjee, B. B. (2018). Development of sustainable concrete using recycled coarse aggregate and ground granulated blast furnace slag. Construction and Building Materials, Elsevier (SCIE, IF-8.0), 159, Jan. 2018, pp. 417-430.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.10.118.
  30. Nayak, A. N., Kumari, A., Swain, R. B. (2018). Strengthening of RC beams using externally bonded fibre reinforced polymer composites. Structures, Elsevier (SCIE, IF-4.3), 14, June 2018, pp. 137-152.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2018.03.004.
  31. Nayak, A.N., Satpathy, L., Tripathy, P. K. (2018). Free vibration Characteristics of Stiffened plates. International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering, Springer (Scopus), 10 (2), June 2018, pp 153–167.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40091-018-0189-x.
  32. Kumari, A., Patel, S. S., Nayak, A. N. (2018). Shear strengthening of RC deep beam using externally bonded GFRP fabrics. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series A, Springer (Scopus), 99(2), Feb. 2018, pp. 341–350.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-018-0272-0
  33. Swain, R. B., Nayak, A. N. (2015). Flexural Analysis of RC Beams Strengthened with Externally Bonded FRP Sheets. International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2, Issue 4, Apr. 2015, pp. 61-67http://10.17148/IARJSET.2015.2415
  34. Nayak, A. N., Prajapati, G. N., Swain, R. B. and Swetapadma, S. (2015). Strengthening of square RC columns using externally Bonded FRP Sheets. International Journal of Structural Analysis & Design, 2 (1), Jan. 2015, pp.15 – 19.
  35. Nayak, A. N., Bandyopadhyay, J. N. (2006). Dynamic response analysis of stiffened conoidal shells. Journal of Sound and Vibration, Elsevier (SCI, IF-4.9), 291, No. 3-5, Apr. 2006, pp. 1288-1297. http://journals.theired.org/journals/paper/details/5618.html
  36. Nayak, A. N., Bandyopadhyay, J. N. (2005). Free vibration analysis of laminated stiffened shells, Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE (SCI, IF-3.2), 131, No.1, pp.100-105. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2005)131:1(100)
  37. Nayak, A. N., Bandyopadhyay, J. N. (2002). Free vibration analysis and design aids of stiffened conoidal shells. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, ASCE (SCI, IF-3.2),128 (4), Apr. 2002, pp. 419-427.https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2002)128:4(419)
  38. Nayak, A. N., Bandyopadhyay, J. N. (2002). On the free vibrations of stiffened shallow shells. Journal of Sound and Vibration, Elsevier (SCI, IF-4.9), 255 (2), Aug. 2002, pp. 357-382.https://doi.org/10.1006/jsvi.2001.4159
  39. Nayak, A. N., Bhattacharyya, S. K. (1998). Welded T-Joints with Hollow sections. International Journal of Structures (Scopus), 18, No.1, pp.29-50.
  40. Dubey, A. K., Nayak, A. N., Bhattacharyya, S. K. (1999). Strength of Thin-walled Steel-concrete Composite Beams: An Experimental Study. Journal of Institution of Engineers (India), (Scopus), Vol. 80, pp.37-41 (K. F. Antia National Award for best paper in engineering for the session 1999-2000).
  41. Nayak, A. N., Bhattacharyya, S. K. (1997). Behaviour of Joints with Rectangular and Square Hollow Steel Sections. Journal of Institution of Engineers (India) (Scopus), 78, pp.116-122.
  • National Journals
  1. Patel, G. and Nayak, A. N. (2021). Design aids for buckling load of clamped cylindrical panel under uniform loading. Annual Technical Journal, 2021, Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State Centre, Bhubaneswar.
  2. Tripathy, P. K. and Nayak, A. N. (2018). Seismic analysis and design of multi-storeyed unsymmetrical RC framed building. Annual Technical Journal, 2018, Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State Centre, Bhubaneswar.
  3. Nayak, A. N., Tripathy, P. K. (2017). Free Vibration Analysis of Grid Slabs using FEM.  Annual Technical Journal, 2017, Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State Centre, Bhubaneswar.
  4. Tripathy, P. K., Nayak, A. N. (2014). Computer aided earthquake resistant design and detailing of multi-storeyed RC framed building.  Annual Technical Journal, 2014, Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State Centre, Bhubaneswar.
  5. Tripathy, P. K., Nayak, A. N. (2013), “Importance of building form and architectural design concepts for eliminating torsional effects due to earthquake forces.  Annual Technical Journal, 2013, Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State Centre, Bhubaneswar.
  • National Conferences
  1. Patel, G. and Nayak, A. N. (2021). Design aids for buckling load of clamped cylindrical panel under uniform loading. 62nd Annual Technical Session, March 28, 2021,Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State Centre, Bhubaneswar.
  2. Patel, S. K., Nayak, A. N., Mohanty, C. R.  (2019). Hardened Properties of Concrete with fly ash cenosphere as fine aggregate. National Conference on Civil Engineering and Urban Planning for Sustainable Development (CUPSD-2019), Feb. 26-27, 2019, DRIEMS, Cuttack.
  3. Sinha, L., Nayak, A. N., Sahu, S.K. Sahu (2019). Vibration of simply supported laminated composite plates.” National Conference on Advances in Structural Technology (COAST-2019), Feb.01-03, 2019, NIT, Silcher.
  4. Tripathy, P. K. and Nayak, A. N. (2018). Seismic analysis and design of multi-storeyed unsymmetrical RC framed building. 59th Annual Technical Session, January 21, 2018,Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State Centre, Bhubaneswar.
  5. Majhi, R. K., Nayak, A. N. (2017). “Study of effect of coal bottom ash and fly ash as replacement of sand and cement on compressive strength of concrete.” All India Seminar on Sustainable Materials and Technology for Better Future, November 11-12, 2017, Institution of Engineers (India), Rourkela Local Centre and National Institute of Technology, Rourkela.
  6. Nayak, A. N., Tripathy, P. K. (2017). Free Vibration Analysis of Grid Slabs using FEM.  58th Annual Technical Session, February 19, 2017,Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State Centre, Bhubaneswar.
  7. Jena,T., Tripathy, P. K., Nayak, A. N. (2015). “Forced Vibration Analysis of Laminated Composite Stiffened Plates.” 2nd Indian National Conference on Advanced Mechanics (INCAM-2015), July 13-15, 2015, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, pp. 481-487, ISBN978-81-8487-509-6.
  8. Nayak, A. N., Swain, R. B. (2014), “Seismic planning, design, detailing and retrofitting of multi-storeyed RC framed buildings: An overview”, 4th All India Police Housing Conference, September 25-26, 2014, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
  9. Swain, R. B., Dalai, N., Nayak, A. N. (2014), “Shear strengthening of R.C. beams using externally bonded fibre reinforced polymer composites”, All India seminar on Advances in Construction Technology (ACT-2014), February 09-10, 2014, Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
  10. Tripathy, P. K., Nayak, A. N. (2014). Computer aided earthquake resistant design and detailing of multi-storeyed RC framed building.  55th Annual Technical Session, March 01, 2014,Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State Centre, Bhubaneswar.
  11. Dalai, N., Swain, R. B., Nayak, A. N. (2013), “Shear strengthening of RC beams using externally bonded FRP: A state of art review”, National Conference on Emerging New Materials in Engineering Applications (ENMEA-2013), January 19-20, 2013, VSSUT, Burla, Odisha, India.
  12. Tripathy, P. K., Nayak, A. N. (2013), “Importance of building form and architectural design concepts for eliminating torsional effects due to earthquake forces54th Annual Technical Session, February 10, 2013,Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State Centre, Bhubaneswar.
  13. Nayak, A. N., Tripathy, P. K., Sethi, S. R. (2012), “Design aids for vibration characteristics of grid slabs using finite element method”, National Conferences on Recent Advances in Mechanics and Materials (RAMM-2012), February 25-26, 2012, VSSUT, Burla, Odisha, India.
  14. Swain, R. B., Nayak, A. N. (2012), “Behaviour of strengthened RC beams using externally bonded FRP composites- a state of art review”, National Conferences on Recent Advances in Mechanics and Materials (RAMM-2012), February 25-26, 2012, VSSUT, Burla, Odisha, India.
  15. Nayak, A. N., Swain, R. B. (2011), “Flexural analysis and design-aids of FRP strengthened RC beams”, All India Seminar on Latest Advances in Concrete Technology, July 16-17, 2011. Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State Centre, Bhubaneswar.
  16. Nayak, A. N., Sethi, S. R., Tripathy, P. K., Sahoo, A. K. (2011), “Special types of concrete used in modern construction”, All India Seminar on Latest Advances in Concrete Technology, July 16-17, 2011. Institution of Engineers (India) Odisha State Centre, Bhubaneswar.
  17. Panigrahi, S. K., Nayak, A. N. (2007). “An Introduction to self-compacting concrete.” National Conference on Recent Advances in Civil Engineering (RACE-2007), March 01-12, 2007, College of Engineering & Technology, Bhubaneswar, India.
  18. Nayak, A. N., Bandyopadhyay, J. N. (2003). “Natural frequencies of stiffened plates with cut-outs.” National Seminar on Emerging Trends in Structural Mechanics and Composites (ETSMC-2003), November 01-02, 2003, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India.
  19. Nayak, A. N. (1996). “Development, Properties and Behaviour of High Strength Concrete: An Overview.” National Seminar on High Performance Concrete, February 2-3, 1996, ICI, Bangalore, India.
  20. Nayak, A. N., Bhattacharyya, S. K. (1994). “Behaviour of steel-concrete composite columns.” National Seminar on Composite Materials, March 18-19, 1994, I.G.I.T., Sarang, Orissa, India.

Books/Book Chapters Authored/Edited:

  1. Advances in Mechanics and Materials, 2012, VSSUT, Burla: Book Edited.
  2. Advances in Mechanics and Materials, 2016, I.K. International Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, ISBN: 978-93-85909-56-6: Book Edited.
  3. Patel, S.K., Nayak, A.N. (2021). Study on Specific Compressive Strength of Concrete with Fly Ash Cenosphere. In: Das, B., Barbhuiya, S., Gupta, R., Saha, P. (eds) Recent Developments in Sustainable Infrastructure . Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 75. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4577-1_47(Book Chapter).
  4. Kumari, A., Nayak, A.N. (2021). Behaviour of RC Deep Beams Strengthened with Externally Bonded GFRP Fabrics: An Experimental Study. In: Das, B., Barbhuiya, S., Gupta, R., Saha, P. (eds) Recent Developments in Sustainable Infrastructure . Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 75. Springer (Scopus), Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4577-1_23 (Book Chapter).
  5. Nayak, A. N., Bandyopadhyay, J. N. (2022). Vibration of laminated composite stiffened shallow shells, Toughened Composites: Micro Macro Systems, pp. 261-276, Edited by S. Bandyopadhyay and R. Guuala, Taylor and Francis (Scopus), 2022: https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429330575(Book Chapter).
  6. Kumari, A., Nayak, A.N. (2023). Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of GFRP Fabrics Strengthened RC Deep Beams Using ABAQUS. In: Madhavan, M., Davidson, J.S., Shanmugam, N.E. (eds) Proceedings of the Indian Structural Steel Conference 2020 (Vol. 2). ISSC 2020. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 319. Springer (Scopus), Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9394-7_2 (Book Chapter).
  7. Lenka, B.P., Chanda, S.S., Nayak, A.N. (2025). Non-destructive Characteristics of Alkali-activated Recycled Aggregate Concrete with Blast Furnace Slags. In: Kurwadkar, S., Choudhary, R., Samui, P., Nanda, S. (eds) Recent Developments in Sustainable Infrastructure. ICRDSI 2023. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 594. Springer (Scopus), Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5043-9_14 (Book Chapter).